Abstract

The small size and yield of Hyphaene coriacea and Phoenix reclinata palms in south-eastern Africa makes palm wine tapping a labour-intensive activity providing a subsistence income. Despite these disadvantages, tapping and sale of fermented Hyphaene coriacea and Phoenix reclinata palm sap, together with pastoralism and gathering of wild fruits are important uses of the palmveld. During the period November 1981 – October 1982, a single representative palm wine tapper tapped 712 palms (902 stems), producing 4 846 litres palm wine. Successive groups of tapped palms showed a characteristic rise and fall in sap yields. The sustainable use and improved economic returns from this resource are discussed in relation to tapping technique. Altered tapping technique would allow recovery of tapped stems and a shift towards larger size classes of higher yielding palms. At present this is not possible due to the complications of communal land ownership and multiple use of the palmveld. Omdat die palms Hyphaene coriacea en Phoenix reclinata in suidoostelike Afrika nie baie groot word nie en ’n lae opbrengs lewer, is die tap van palmwyn ’n arbeidsintensiewe aktiwiteit wat ’n bestaansinkomste beskaf. Ondanks hierdie nadele, is die tap en verkoop van gefermenteerde sap van die twee palmspesies, tesame met veeboerdery en die pluk van veldvrugte, belangrike gebruike van die palmveld. Gedurende die tydperk November 1981 – October 1982 het een verteenwoordige palmwyntapper 712 palms (902 stamme) getap en 4 846 liter palmwyn geproduseer. Opeenvolgende groepe getapte palms het ’n kenmerkende skommeling in sapopbrengste getoon. Die hernubare benutting en verbeterde ekonomiese opbrengs uit hierdie hulpbron word met betrekking tot taptegniek bespreek. ’n Gewysigde taptegniek sou die herstel van getapte stamme en ’n omskakeling na groter palms met ’n hoër opbrengs tot gevolg hê. Weens die ingewikkeldheid van gemeenskaplike grondbesit en verskeidenheid gebruike vaarvoor die palmveld benut word, is dit tans egter nie moontlik nie.

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