Abstract
The integrated farming system between dairy cow breeding, earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus), and citrus (Citrus sinensis valencia) plantations provides regular income for farmers and sustainable farming. This research aims to analyze farmers’ income based on the integrated farming system that has been done on these three commodities. This study utilized quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze data. Data were collected through questionnaires to 15 farmers who are members of Gading Kulon Farmer Group in Dau District, Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia followed by in-depth interviews with key respondents. The study showed that dairy cow breeding provided annual income which contributed up to 58% of household income. Meanwhile, earthworm farming provides weekly income and twice a year income for citrus farming. Depending on the land area, Earthworms farming contributed up to 10% of household income, and citrus plantation was 33%, depending on the land area owned by farmers. The average income of Dairy cow breeding was Rp. 163,308,000 per year; the Average Income of earthworms was Rp. 27,058,000 per year, and the average income of citrus plants was 92,480,000 per year. However, integrated farming of these commodities does not work well in the community due to farmers’ lack of land and capital. Moreover, most respondents indicated that they were interested only in citrus farming because it is easier compared to dairy cow breeding and earthworm farming. Good cooperation from various parties is needed to increase the importance of integrated farming with these three commodities for sustainable farming in Indonesia.
Highlights
Dairy cattle are one of the leading livestock commodities in East Java Province, with a population of more than 280 thousand heads in 2019 [1]
The production of fresh milk in East Java is the highest production in Indonesia when compared to other regions
In 2018, fresh milk production in East Java reached more than 500,000 tons or 55.9% of Indonesia's total fresh milk production
Summary
Dairy cattle are one of the leading livestock commodities in East Java Province, with a population of more than 280 thousand heads in 2019 [1]. The dairy cattle population in 2018 was much lower in quantity compared to 2017, in general, the dairy cattle population in East Java reached 50 percent of the total dairy cattle population in Indonesia. The production of fresh milk in East Java is the highest production in Indonesia when compared to other regions. In 2018, fresh milk production in East Java reached more than 500,000 tons or 55.9% of Indonesia's total fresh milk production. Fresh cow's milk production growth in Indonesia only reached 2 per cent per year.This growth is far below the growth in domestic demand for cow's milk which reaches 5% per year. Domestic raw milk needs (SSDN), which reached 3.8 million tons per year, can only be met by domestic production of around 20 percent, while the rest still has to be imported from various countries such as Australia, New Zealand, and the United States [2]
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