Abstract
Agarwood is the resinous heartwood obtained from the injured parts of trees under Thymelaeaceae family particularly from Aquilaria species. Agarwood is considered as the most prized non-timber forest product (NTFP) used in attars as well as medicines. Quality of agarwood is the determiner for defining its commercial value. Different countries use different grading system to explain the quality of agarwood. In Bangladesh, more than 45 compounds have been identified so far, mostly sesquiterpenoids, alkanes, fatty acid and other volatile aromatic compounds that are responsible for its fragrance and high prices. Ether extract, total phenolic contents, flavonoid, antioxidant and microbiological tests have shown tremendous positive results. Chemical profiling of agar products is the best identified using GC-MS technique by the various authors. Present review discusses the full scenario of Aquilaria production, inoculation, extraction methods, determination of agarwood quality and chemical constituents of agar oils and possibilities and barriers of this industry in Bangladesh. J. Bio-Sci. 29(2): 151-173, 2021 (December)
Highlights
The genus Aquilaria (Lam.) belongs to the Thymeleaceae family that has high commercial, economical and medicinal significance
Aquilaria species are mostly well known for the production of agarwood, a plant natural product extracted from agar tree that is highly valuable and priced product (Chowdhury et al 2017)
Near about twenty-one species of Aquilaria trees are introduced, out of which eight are recognized as agarwood producer (Zich and Compton 2002). These Aquilaria have been cultivated from 3000 years ago in the Middle East, China and Japan (Le 2003) and that is thought native to the Indo-Malaysia region (Mohamed and Lee 2016)
Summary
The genus Aquilaria (Lam.) belongs to the Thymeleaceae family that has high commercial, economical and medicinal significance. Near about twenty-one species of Aquilaria trees are introduced, out of which eight are recognized as agarwood producer (Zich and Compton 2002) These Aquilaria have been cultivated from 3000 years ago in the Middle East, China and Japan (Le 2003) and that is thought native to the Indo-Malaysia region (Mohamed and Lee 2016). Chemical analysis of agar oils is used globally for confirming grading of the agarwood (Norazah et al 2009, Nurlaila et al 2013) This is massively demanded in several countries which is further treated as perfumery ingredients, aroma enhancers (Norazah et al 2016), incenses and decorative displays and used as a raw material in traditional and modern medicines (Mohamed and Lee 2016) and so many other different uses.
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