Abstract
Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L.) produces 3-deoxyanthocyanidin phytoalexins. They accumulate as inclusions in cells and inhibit infection in a site-specific response. Inclusions are self-organizing 3-deoxyanthocyanidins. In aqueous solution, protons and acetate counter-ions condition self-stacking. Non-vesicular cytoplasmic trafficking of inclusions to sites of ingress is discussed. It is suggested that re-arrangements in plant cells under attack direct accumulation of inclusions to penetration sites. Nuclear migration, cytoplasmic streaming and intracellular pH provide an environment for inclusion trafficking and release of the phytoalexins. Luteolinidin, when self-organized as pigmented inclusions, mediates disruption of plant and fungal plasma membranes as well as reconstructed bilayer liposomes.
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