Abstract
Flooding, one of the most serious natural disasters, poses a significant threat to people’s lives and property. At present, the forecasting method uses simple snowmelt accumulation and has certain regional restrictions that limit the accuracy and timeliness of flood simulation and prediction. In this paper, the influence of accumulated temperature (AT) and maximum temperature (MT) on snow melting was considered in order to (1) reclassify the precipitation categories of the watershed using a separation algorithm of rain and snow that incorporates AT and MT, and (2) develop a new snow-melting process utilizing the algorithm in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool Model (SWAT) by considering the effects of AT and MT. The SWAT model was used to simulate snowmelt and flooding in the Tizinafu River Basin (TRB). We found that the modified SWAT model increased the value of the average flood peak flow by 43%, the snowmelt amounts increased by 45%, and the contribution of snowmelt to runoff increased from 44.7% to 54.07%. In comparison, we concluded the snowmelt contribution to runoff, flood peak performance, flood process simulation, model accuracy, and time accuracy. The new method provides a more accurate simulation technique for snowmelt floods and flood simulation.
Highlights
Most rivers in the world originate in high mountain areas where a large amount of water is stored in the form of snow and glaciers
These results indicate that when the accumulated temperature (AT) reaches 41.27 ◦ C and the maximum temperature (MT) reaches
A new algorithm for the calculation of snow melting in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool Model (SWAT) model was proposed
Summary
Most rivers in the world originate in high mountain areas where a large amount of water is stored in the form of snow and glaciers. In high snow and glacier catchments, melting water provides a more significant contribution to the discharge than rain [1,2,3]. This is especially true in the mountainous watershed of arid inland regions, where rivers enter the wet season when the spring snowmelt begins [4,5], and they enter the dry season at the end of the autumn snow melting. Precipitation type event statistics were derived from statistical model [50,51] that uses the soil conservation service (SCS) Runoff Curve Number method to calculate data runoff, from the (http://www.cma.gov.cn/) andrunoff
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