Abstract
A thermodynamic equilibrium between aluminum and oxygen and inclusion morphology in the Fe-16Cr stainless steel were investigated to understand the fundamentals of the aluminum deoxidation technology for ferritic stainless steels. Further, the effect of calcium addition on the changes in chemistry and morphology of inclusions was discussed. The measured results for the aluminum-oxygen equilibria exhibit relatively good agreement with the calculated values, indicating that an introduction of the first-and second-order interaction parameters, recently reported, is reasonable to numerically express the aluminum deoxidation equilibrium in a ferritic stainless steel. In the composition of dissolved aluminum content greater than about 60 ppm, pure alumina particles were observed, while the alumino-manganese silicates containing Cr2O3 appeared at less than 20 mass ppm of dissolved aluminum. The formation of calcium aluminate inclusions after Ca treatment can be discussed based on the thermodynamic equilibria among calcium, aluminum, and oxygen in the steel melt. In the composition of steel melt with relatively high content of calcium and low aluminum, the log (\(X_{CaO} /X_{Al_2 O_3 } \)) of inclusions linearly increases by increasing the log [aCa/aAl2·aO2] with the slope close to unity. However, the slope of the line is significantly lower than the expected value in the composition of steel melt with relatively low calcium and high aluminum contents.
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