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Abstract
In this study, the inclusion complexes of lycopene with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) were prepared by the precipitation method. Then the inclusion complexes were characterized by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV), microscopic observation, liquid chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and phase-solubility study. Moreover, the stability and antioxidant activity were tested. The results showed that lycopene was embedded into the cavity of β-CD with a 1:1 stoichiometry. Moreover, the thermal and irradiant stabilities of lycopene were all significantly increased by the formation of lycopene/β-CD inclusion complexes. Antioxidant properties of lycopene and its inclusion complexes were evaluated on the basis of measuring the scavenging activity for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals. The results showed that the scavenging activity of DPPH radicals was obviously increased by the formation of the inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin at concentrations of 5–30 μg/mL, however, some significant positive effects on the scavenging activity of hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals were not observed and the reasons are worth further study.
Highlights
Lycopene, a carotenoid, is an unsaturated lipophilic isoprenoid pigment, which imparts red color to some vegetables and fruits such as tomato, watermelon, pink guava and pink grapefruit [1,2,3]
(2014) prepared inclusion complexes of red bell pepper pigments with β-cyclodextrin using two different procedures, the results showed that the ultrasonic homogenisation procedure provided a higher yield compared to the magnetic stirring process while the evaluation of the inclusion efficiencies showed no significant difference between the two procedures [40]
Was higher thanthe those of the lycopene. These results show that when lycopene β-CD were into results indicated that the antioxidant activity and of lycopene was formed increased by the the inclusion formation complex, of the theinclusion heat andcomplexes illumination stability lycopenefrom wereFigure both greatly enhanced
Summary
A carotenoid, is an unsaturated lipophilic isoprenoid pigment, which imparts red color to some vegetables and fruits such as tomato, watermelon, pink guava and pink grapefruit [1,2,3]. Ciriminna et al (2016) had summarized three points of lycopene’s emerging applications in these fields: One product was as a nutritional supplement associated with the health benefits (e.g., lycopene soft capsules); another product was Lycosome produced by lycopene micelles embed a whey protein isolate; natural lycopene was used in cosmetic products such as age-defying treatments, facial moisturizers and eye creams [12]. The molecular structure of lycopene has several unsaturated bonds, which makes it very unstable and susceptible to light, heat and certain chemical conditions [13,14,15].
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