Abstract
This communication introduces a new flexible elastomeric composite film, which can directly convert the chemical energy of glucose into electricity. The fabrication process is simple, and no specific equipment is required. Notably, the liquid metal Galinstan is exploited with a two-fold objective: (i) Galinstan particles are mixed with polydimethylsiloxane to obtain a highly conductive porous thick film scaffold; (ii) the presence of Galinstan in the composite film enables the direct growth of highly catalytic gold structures. As a first proof of concept, we demonstrate that when immersed in a 20 mM glucose solution, a 5 mm-long, 5 mm-wide and 2 mm-thick sample can generate a volumetric power density up to 3.6 mW·cm − 3 at 7 mA·cm − 3 and 0.51 V without using any enzymes.
Highlights
Considering the ever-increasing demand for thin, lightweight and compliant electronic systems, recent research efforts have been made to develop correspondingly miniature power sources
It is likely that when the grains penetrated into the PDMS/Galinstan, they came into contact and formed connections with Galinstan inclusions
The sonication power might have played a critical role in the amount of Galinstan inclusions that could be extracted from the PDMS/Galinstan matrix
Summary
Considering the ever-increasing demand for thin, lightweight and compliant electronic systems, recent research efforts have been made to develop correspondingly miniature power sources (e.g., see [1] and the references therein). For healthcare- and/or biomedical-related applications, bioelectrochemical energy sources are an attractive option. Efforts in this field, have predominantly focused on the development of enzyme-based configurations [2,3,4]. The hydrogen-assisted electrodeposition technique (HAET) is one of the fastest and most affordable methods recently discussed to fabricate PG electrodes [12]. To the best of our knowledge, the possibility to upscale the HAET to fabricate enzyme-free PG electrodes that could meet the power budget of real electronic devices remains to be demonstrated
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