Incision selection for nipple-sparing mastectomy with implant-based breast reconstruction

Abstract

Objective: To examine the outcome of different incision selection for nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) with implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR). Methods: Ninety-Two cases accepted NSM and IBBR from totally 1 002 cases of breast cancer admitted to Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from June 2013 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. All the patients were female, aging (42.0±7.5) years (range: 27 to 64 years). There were 12 patients at stage 0, 47 patients at stage Ⅰ, 17 patients at stage Ⅱ, and 16 patients at stage Ⅲ. The patients were divided in three groups by the incision: peri-areolar group (n=23), inframammary group (n=33) and lateral group (n=36). The age, tumor size, lymph node status, hormone receptor, operation method and postoperative complications were followed-up of three groups and compared by one-way ANOVA, χ2 test or Fisher's exact test and expansion to comparied. Results: There was no significant difference in operation time ((180.7±54.0) minutes vs. (176.9±48.1) minutes vs. (194.6±37.5) minutes, F=1.401, P=0.252), postoperative drainage volume ((497.5±226.0) ml vs. (495.4±182.5) ml vs. (519.8±172.0) ml, F=0.167, P=0.846) and drainage time ((8.8±3.8) days vs. (8.0±2.5) days vs. (8.3±2.9) days, F=0.542, P=0.583) among the peri-areolar, inframammary, and lateral groups. The cumulative postoperative complications were relatively higher in the peri-areola group (26.1%(6/23) vs. 0 vs.8.3%(3/36), χ²=9.675, P=0.004). All female patients were followed up for (49.0±25.6) months(range: 12 to 112 months). Breast cancer related death rate was 2.2% (2/92), local recurrence was 1.1% (1/92), regional recurrence was 4.3% (4/92), distant metastasis was 6.5% (6/92), and the disease-free survival rate was 88.0% (81/92). Conclusion: The surgical effects of the peri-areolar, inframammary and lateral incisions for NSM and IBBR are approximate, the total complication rate of the peri-areolar incision is slightly higher.