Abstract

Efforts to experimentally demonstrate echolocation in California sea lions, Zalophus californianus [W. Evans and R. Haugen, Bull. So. Cal. Acad. Sci. 62, 165–175 (1963); R. J. Schusterman, Psych. Rec. 16, 129–136 (1966)] and in grey seals, Halichoerus grypus [B. Scronce and S. Ridgway, in Animal Sonar Systems, pp. 991–993 (1980)] have been unsuccessful. However, similar studies on polar pinnipeds have not been conducted previously. No studies have investigated the potential for ultrasonic vocalizations in pinnipeds. Echolocation in polar pinnipeds has been suggested because of their highly developed vocal abilities and their need to find food and navigate during the dark austral winter [G. Kooyman, Ant. Res. Ser. 11, 227–261 (1968); J. Thomas and V. Kuechle, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 72, 1730–1738 (1982)]. This presentation will summarize observations and evidence that indicates the presence of echolocation in polar pinnipeds and report the production of ultrasonic vocalizations by a captive leopard seal (Hydru...

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