Abstract
ObjectiveTo understand the incidence of stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and/or hypertension (HTN), and provide a basis for the prevention of stroke in these patients.MethodsA prospective cohort study was performed for adults with T2DM and/or HTN. The follow-up period was 1 year. The incidence and recurrence rate of stroke was calculated and a multivariate Cox proportional hazard was used to analyze influencing factors of stroke occurrence and recurrence in the follow-up of patients with T2DM and/or HTN.ResultsOf the 1,650 patients with T2DM and/or HTN, 1,213 patients had no history of stroke. After 1 year of follow-up, 147 new stroke cases occurred, and the incidence rate of stroke was 12.1%. Among the patients who had stroke history (413), there were 116 cases of stroke with a recurrence rate of 26.5%. Seven risk factors were independently associated with stroke occurrence among patients without stroke history, included smoking, abnormal total cholesterol abnormal low-density lipoprotein patients with comorbid T2DM with HTN, physical inactivity, carotid artery stenosis (CAS), and higher scores of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Higher scores of NHISS and CAS were independent risk factors for the recurrence of stroke among patients with stroke history.ConclusionsPatients with T2DM and/or HTN have a higher rate of new stroke and recurrence after 1-year follow-up. Actively identifying the controllable risk factors, such as smoking and physical inactivity, will help reduce the risk of stroke and recurrence in patients with T2DM and HTN.
Highlights
Stroke, a cerebral blood circulation disorder, causes stenosis, occlusion, or rupture of intracerebral arteries, manifesting as a one-time or permanent brain dysfunction [1, 2]
Having any three or more of the above eight items is defined as high-risk for stroke; [2] patients were over 18 years old; and [3] the participants voluntarily cooperated with the examination and research, including signature of the informed consent document
Of the 1,650 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and/or HTN, 1,213 patients had no history of stroke
Summary
A cerebral blood circulation disorder, causes stenosis, occlusion, or rupture of intracerebral arteries, manifesting as a one-time or permanent brain dysfunction [1, 2]. The mortality rate of stroke is exceptionally high and poses a great threat to one’s health [3]. According to the 2019 global burden of disease (GBD) research results [3], stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world. Agestandardized mortality declined from 1990 to 2016, but the overall burden of stroke remains high [3]. The costs of stroke care are rising, along with increasing burdens of disability, which provides the impetus for us to shift our research focus to effective stroke prevention measures. 75.2% of stroke-related deaths worldwide and 81.0% of stroke-induced disability adjusted life years (DALYs) were from developing countries [5]. Stroke poses a serious threat to health in these countries and the world
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