Incidencia de úlceras corneales microbianas en el Servicio de Oftalmología del Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga

Abstract

IntroductionThe prevalence of microbial corneal ulcers varies depending on the geographic area probably due to ethnic, territorial or socioeconomic differences. The number of ulcers appearing annually in the World approximates to 1.5-2 million cases. ObjectivesTo report the incidence of the most frequent causative microorganisms of microbial corneal ulcers in the General Hospital of Mexico, a national referral hospital, also analyzing risk factors, setting the standard for the development of a systematic process of care, timely diagnosis and outline effective treatment. Material and methodsObservational, descriptive study was carried out from March 1st, 2013 to March 1st, 2014. ResultsA total of 51 patients (100%) with microbial ulcer who had microbial culture taken. A total of 27 positive cultures (52.94%), being mostly of bacterial origin (18 cultures, 35%), predominantly gram positive Staphylococcus epidermidis specifically (8 cultures, 15%) and a total of 9 positive fungal cultures (18%), with Fusarium predominance in 4 positive cultures (8%). ConclusionsThe incidence of corneal ulcer predominated in females, appearing in the working age range. In 27 positive cultures, Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most frequently isolated microorganism; in the second frequency was Fusarium. Knowledge of the incidence of each organism helps us run a presumptive diagnosis, we must take into account the conditions surrounding the patient, as well as the adequate microbiological study that will improve the visual prognosis.