Incidence, Risk Factors and Surgical Outcomes of Cataract among Patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate risk factors and surgical outcomes of cataract in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease. Methods: Review of 187 patients (374 eyes). Results: At presentation, cataract was diagnosed in 56 (14.9%) eyes all had chronic recurrent VKH. During follow-up, cataract developed in additional 51 (13.6%) eyes. Fifteen (13.6%) of these had initial-onset acute VKH with anterior segment (AS) inflammation and 36 (19.4%) had chronic recurrent VKH. No patient with initial-onset acute VKH without AS inflammation developed cataract. Risk factors for cataract development during follow-up included female gender, keratic precipitates, anterior chamber reaction ≥2+, chronic recurrent VKH, posterior synechiae, iris nodules, glaucoma, glaucoma surgery, choroidal neovascular membrane, “sunset glow fundus” and chorioretinal atrophy. Thirty-two eyes underwent cataract extraction. Fourteen (43.8%) eyes achieved ≥20/40. Posterior segment complications of chronic recurrent VKH accounted for <20/40 outcome. Conclusions: Poor outcome after surgery is secondary to posterior segment complications of chronic recurrent VKH.