Abstract
BackgroundAdverse events have been reported post blood donation. Donors might refrain from donating again due to such events which lowers the blood supply in collection centers.AimThis study measured the incidence, predictors and severity of adverse events among donors of a single whole blood unit at one of the largest donation centers in Saudi Arabia.MethodsA retrospective cohort was conducted in 2015 to investigate the adverse events immediately post donation. Donor characteristics such as age, blood pressure, hemoglobin level, weight and history of donation were described and tested as potential risk predictors. Eligible blood donors were 18,936/24,634 (76.8%).ResultsIncidence of adverse events found 1.1% (208 donors), of which 0.65% had mild symptoms (chills; nausea; pallor; dizziness; nervousness; headache), while 0.45% had severe symptoms (hypotension; convulsions; syncope; respiratory distress; emesis). Multiple logistic regression showed that, the incidence of adverse events was significantly higher among young age donors <30 years RR[95%CI] = 1.58[1.18–2.12], p < 0.002, higher hemoglobin levels RR[95%CI] = 1.30[1.15–1.46], lower weight donors <75kg RR[95%CI] = 1.71[1.29–2.27], p <0.001 and first time donors RR[95%CI] = 2.21[1.64–2.97], p < 0.001 compared to older age donors ≥30, lower hemoglobin levels, heavier weight donors ≥ 75, and previous donors, respectively. More severe adverse events were observed among older and heavier donors, previous donors, lower hemoglobin levels and hypertensive donors but with no statistical significance.ConclusionYoung blood donors, donors with lower weight and first time donors are at higher risk of contracting adverse events. Higher hemoglobin level is also a potential risk predictor of adverse events post whole blood donation.
Highlights
Blood donation is considered to be one of the most valuable contributions of an individual to the community
Multiple logistic regression showed that, the incidence of adverse events was significantly higher among young age donors
Donors with lower weight and first time donors are at higher risk of contracting adverse events
Summary
Blood donation is considered to be one of the most valuable contributions of an individual to the community. Blood donation has relatively low risk rate and donors undergo meticulous screening for any contraindications prior donation, some adverse events arise occasionally during or after the process [2]. The incidence and severity of adverse events post blood donation has been reported in literature despite being relatively low. Predictors of adverse events among young blood donors were more prevalent in those with lower weight, first time donors and females [3]. A study conducted in Japan has reported that the risk of vasovagal reactions related to blood donation was associated with young age, low body mass index (BMI), high blood pressure, fast pulse rate, first-time donation, small circulating blood volume and short sleep time [4]. Adverse events have been reported post blood donation. Donors might refrain from donating again due to such events which lowers the blood supply in collection centers
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