Incidence of Zika Virus Infection from a Dengue Epidemiological Study of Children in Ratchaburi Province, Thailand.

Pimolpachr Sriburin,Nathamon Kosoltanapiwat,Salin Sirinam,Chukiat Sirivichayakul,Pichamon Sittikul,Kriengsak Limkittikul,Watcharee Arunsodsai,Supawat Chatchen

doi:10.3390/v13091802

Pimolpachr Sriburin, Nathamon Kosoltanapiwat + Show 6 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/v13091802

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Abstract

Zika virus (ZIKV) is the mosquito-transmitted virus that the WHO declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern in 2016 due to the consequence of microcephaly from infected pregnancies. The incidence of Zika infection has been unclear in many countries because most infected people have nonspecific febrile illnesses. This study’s aim is to investigate the incidence of symptomatic Zika virus infections from the archived samples of a dengue cohort study of children in central Thailand from 2006 to 2009. We performed Zika NS1 immunoglobulin (Ig)G enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) screening to identify symptomatic Zika infections in paired acute/convalescent serum samples. Symptomatic Zika infections were confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) of acute serum samples. The comparison of the Zika NS1 IgG ELISA results between acute and convalescent samples showed 290/955 (30.4%) seropositive cases. Zika RT-PCR results were positive in 28 febrile cases (15 females, 13 males). Zika RT-PCR showed that symptomatic Zika infection occurred in children aged 4–11 years in Ratchaburi province, Thailand (2007–2009, first case in April 2007), and the symptomatic Zika:dengue infection ratio was 28 Zika:394 dengue (1:14). Phylogenetic analysis showed that all Zika viruses were of Asian lineage. Zika NS1 IgG ELISA identified Zika-infected patients and showed a low Zika:dengue ratio.

Highlights

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne, single-stranded RNA virus in the genusFlavivirus, family Flaviviridae
As dengue–ZIKV cross-reactivity is commonly detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we selected acute and convalescent serum samples that showed an increase in serum dengue antibodies by ELISA but were negative for dengue by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), for this study
The samples that showed an increase in ZIKV Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) IgG ELISA optical density (OD) were further tested for ZIKV reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) (Figure 2)

Summary

Introduction

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne, single-stranded RNA virus in the genusFlavivirus, family Flaviviridae. Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne, single-stranded RNA virus in the genus. ZIKV was first isolated from a rhesus monkey in the Zika forest in 1947 [1]. The first case of human infection was reported in Nigeria in 1954 [2]. In. 1966, it was isolated from Aedes africanus mosquitoes in Malaysia [3]. The first outbreak of ZIKV infection was recognized on the Yap Islands in the Federated States of Micronesia in. The ZIKV pandemic in Brazil started in Bahia, a northeastern state, and rapidly spread throughout the Americas [5]. More than 3000 cases of microcephaly were reported in Brazil, and isolation of ZIKV was confirmed from the brain tissue of an infected infant who died in the neonatal period [6]. In February 2016, the World Health Organization declared ZIKV infection to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern [7]

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