Abstract
O forame retromolar, assim como o canal retromolar, são variações anatômicas da mandíbula que se apresentam na região do trígono retromolar. Esse forame e canal contêm estruturas neurovasculares que fornecem inervação adicional aos molares inferiores e à área bucal. Objetivou-se verificar a incidência e ocorrência entre os sexos do forame retromolar em mandíbulas da Coleção de Ossos Contemporâneos da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Foram analisadas 61 mandíbulas secas, sendo 37 masculinas e 24 femininas. Das 61 mandíbulas, 18 apresentaram o forame retromolar (29,5%), sendo 12 mandíbulas apresentando o forame unilateralmente (19,67%). As mandíbulas masculinas apresentaram uma maior incidência comparada às femininas, tendo totalizado 12 (32,43%) mandíbulas com forame retromandibular. A população analisada mostra uma alta incidência do forame retromolar, especialmente para o lado direito. A identificação dessa variação anatômica auxilia no planejamento de cirurgias e durante os procedimentos anestésicos.
Highlights
The retromolar foramen (RMF) and retromolar canal (RMC) as well are anatomical variations of the mandible that occur in the region of the retromolar trigone
The RMF is derived from the exposure of the nerve bundle that originates from the branch of the third division of the trigeminal nerve and passes through the RMC, which goes posteriorly to the third molar region (ANDERSON et al, 1991)
The lack of knowledge about the presence of these structures can lead to failures in the anesthesia process, such as paresthesia or paralysis (CAPOTE et al, 2015)
Summary
The retromolar foramen (RMF) and retromolar canal (RMC) as well are anatomical variations of the mandible that occur in the region of the retromolar trigone. The RMF is derived from the exposure of the nerve bundle that originates from the branch of the third division of the trigeminal nerve and passes through the RMC, which goes posteriorly to the third molar region (ANDERSON et al, 1991). The study of this foramen is important for the planning of oral surgical procedures, such as in the reconstruction of the mandible. Our aim was to study a university bone collection and to determine the incidence of the RMF and frequency of its unilateral or bilateral occurrence and correlations with sex
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