Incidence of side-effects associated with high-dose ferric gluconate in patients with severe chronic renal failure.

Abstract

Ferric gluconate complex in sucrose (Ferrlecit) has been associated with less side-effects than iron dextran; however, the recommended dose of 62.5-125 mg per treatment is only suitable for haemodialysis (HD) patients. We retrospectively analysed the incidence of the side-effects associated with a high dose of Ferrlecit infusion (20 treatments in 13 patients; 10 treatments of 250 mg/3-4 h, and 10 treatments of 500 mg/5 h infusion). The patients were in the age range of 32-75 years old, seven with chronic renal failure (CRF), and six on dialysis treatment. One (10%) of the 10 treatments using a 250 mg dose was complicated with severe nausea/vomiting, diarrhoea and a burning sensation in the feet. Three (30%) of the 10 treatments using a 500 mg dose were complicated with: chills, severe nausea/vomiting, hypotension and syncope in one; severe nausea/vomiting, diarrhoea and hypotension in one; and an episode of vomiting in one patient. A single treatment with a 250 mg dose resulted in no significant change in haematological parameters. A single treatment with a 500 mg dose resulted in a significant increase in haemoglobin (Hgb) and haematocrit (Hct), but only a rising trend in serum iron,% transferrin saturation and ferritin pre versus 1-2 months postinfusion. In conclusion, Ferrlecit doses of 250 or 500 mg are complicated with significant untoward reactions in 10-30% of patients, in a dose-dependent fashion.