Incidence of Schistosoma Haematobium and Trichomonas Vaginalis Among Occupational Status of Patients Attending Some Selected Hospitals in Gboko, Benue State of Nigeria

G.M Gberikon

doi:10.18483/ijsci.730

Abstract

Investigations were carried out to ascertain the incidence of urinary parasitic infections caused by T.vaginalis and S.haematobium among patients attending selected hospitals in Gboko Local Government area of Benue State, Nigeria. Four major hospitals namely Division hospital, Myom hospital, General hospital and Mkar hospital all in Gboko were assessed. A total number of 400 urine samples (100 from each hospital) were aseptically collected for microscopic preparations and analyses. Data were analysed and presented using both descriptive and inferential statistics. In Division Hospital Gboko, 22% of the patients were infected with T.vaginalis while 9% were infected with S.haematobium. In Myom Hospital Gboko, 9% were infected with T.vaginalis while 12% were infected with S.haematobium. Mkar Hospital Gboko recorded 4% cases of infection with T.vaginalis while 6% were infected with S.haematobium with a case of co-infection. General Hospital Gboko recorded the highest number of infection cases with 26% T.vaginalis , 41% S.haematobium and 9% co-infection . Based on occupational status from combined data, farmers recorded the highest prevalence of 8.5% (T.vaginalis) and 6.25% (S.haematobium), followed by students and entrepreneurs Combined data from the four hospitals using a population size of 400 patients in Gboko Local Government, the total prevalence rate of infection caused by T.vaginalis was 15.25% and S.haematobium 17%, co-infection was prevalent at 2.5%. Statistically, there was no significant levels of associations between urinary tract infections and occupational status of patients with 95% confidence limit. This work has therefore revealed that farmers have high incidence rates of infections caused by T.vaginalis and S.haematobium due to their educational background and exposure. Hence, the need for an enlightenment program for this category of people attending different hospitals in Gboko Local Government area.

Highlights

Schistosomiasis and Trichomoniasis are most common urinary tract parasitic diseases in humans, the former is caused by S.haematobium and the later by T.vaginalis (Jatau et al, 2006; Imarenezor et al, 2013)
Incidence of Schistosoma Haematobium and Trichomonas Vaginalis among Occupational Status of Patients Attending Some Selected Hospitals in Gboko, Benue State of Nigeria total of 400 urine samples were collected from patients across the four hospitals for analysis. 100 samples were collected from each of the hospitals which comprised 50 samples from male and 50 samples from female patients
The highest prevalence rate of T.vaginalis infection was recorded among patients in the General Hospital (26%) followed by those in Division Hospital (22%)

Summary

Introduction

Schistosomiasis and Trichomoniasis are most common urinary tract parasitic diseases in humans, the former is caused by S.haematobium and the later by T.vaginalis (Jatau et al, 2006; Imarenezor et al, 2013). Schistosomiasis called bilharziasis is a parasitic disease produced by the Platyhelminthes worm of the class trematode, genus Schistosoma. It is commonly known as blood fluke or flat worm which is common in developing countries. Schistosomiasis is characterized by inflammation of the intestine, bladder, cancer, haematuria (blood in urine), and other organs. It is probably humanity’s most serious parasitic infection, being endemic to some 74 countries and affecting at least 200 million people yearly in Africa (WHO, 2015). Trichomonas vaginalis, is the causative agent of trichomoniasis (Soper, 2004).This species is the most common pathogenic protozoan infections of humans (Johnston and Mabey, 2008). Infections rates between men and women are the same and usually with women showing symptoms, while infections in men are usually asymptomatic (Francalugo and Zarzosa, 2010)

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Discussion

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