Incidence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance in a tertiary hospital

Abstract

Antibiotic is a formidable remedy to infections caused by diverse microbial agents. This assertion is however questioned in the wake of antimicrobial resistance. Fifty clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were obtained from both in and out-patients using standard procedure. The isolates were identified using standard biochemical tests. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of each isolate was examined inaccordance to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines using the Kirby-Bauer’s disc diffusion method. The antibiotics used in the study includes: Ciprotab, Colistin-sulphate, Meropenem, Ceftraxone and Cefepine. Out of the clinical isolates obtained, a total of 48 per cent male and 52 per cent females were the population under study. The percentage ratio of in-patient and out-patient examined were 32% to 68 %. The percentage distribution of the administration class for medical and surgical was 34% and 66% respectively. The highest incidence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was from patients that have undergone cesarean section (28%). Highest susceptibility was observed in Ciprotab (82%) Meropenem (64%) and Ceftraxone (46%). Highest number of resistance was observed against Cefepine and Colistin Sulphate while less than 5 % were resistant to Ciprotab and Meropenem. Meropenem and ciprotab were the two classes of drugs that showed highest activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Commonly used antibiotics must be continuously examined for its efficacy. Anti-microbial susceptibility monitoring is necessary inorder to guide physicians in prescribing the right combinations of anti-microbials to limit and prevent the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains of P. aeruginosa.