Incidence of peptic ulcer in bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its relation to Helicobacter pylori infection

Abstract

Background: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are characterized by a progressive airflow limitation. COPD is considered the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacteria are closely associated with peptic ulcer development. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to compare the incidence of peptic ulcer disease between asthmatic and COPD group of patients and evaluation of its relation to H. pylori infection. Materials and Methods: This study includes 50 patients with COPD from both sexes (M: 35/F:15), 50 patients with bronchial asthma from both sexes (M: 30/F: 20) from King Abdul-Aziz Hospital, Taif area, and 25 healthy control volunteers (M: 17/F: 8) matched in age and sex. Total immunoglobulin E (IgE), pH, pO2, pCO2, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1)/FVC, and forced expiratory flow (FEF) 25-75 were measured and matched between various groups. Results: Total serum IgE T-IgE showed a non-significant increase in COPD patients compared to control (68.33 ± 16.74) while it increased significantly in asthmatic patients (243.65 ± 120.54) compared to control. Regarding pH, pO2, and pCO2 relation between control and asthmatic patients, the results are non-significant while it was significant (P < 0.05) for pH between control and COPD patients and was highly significant (P < 0.001) for pO2 and pCO2 in the two groups. For FVC, FEV1/FVC, and FEF 25-75 between control and asthma patients, results considered highly significant (P < 0.001) while it showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) for FEV1 in both groups. For FVC, FEV1/FVC, and FEF 25-75 between control and COPD patients, the results are considered highly significant (P < 0.001), and a very highly significant difference (P < 0.05) for control and COPD. Conclusion: Close interaction between the incidence of peptic ulcer disease with asthma and COPD group of patients in relation to H. pylori infection was confirmed.