Incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases and their associated risk factors among the type-2 diabetic population

Puneem Usha Sree,Nagasubramanian Vanitha Rani,Murthy Sindgi Vasudeva,Ramakrishnan Subburaya Mudaliyar Rajendran

doi:10.7324/japs.2021.110718

Puneem Usha Sree, Nagasubramanian Vanitha Rani + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.7324/japs.2021.110718

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Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence and factors linked with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Warangal, Telangana, India. It was an observational, cohort crosssectional study; a target sample of 100 T2DM patients was recruited from a single study site of Warangal. Detailed medical history was obtained and laboratory examinations and ultrasound imaging were carried out to evaluate the NAFLD. The overall incidence of NAFLD was 80%. The risk of NAFLD was significantly high in subjects with uncontrolled blood glucose levels, abnormal waist circumference, increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and elevated triglyceride levels (p < 0.05). In our study subjects, the consumption of alcohol is the predominant risk factor (Odds ratio: 6.652; 95% confident interval: 1.86–23.74 and p = 0.00*) significantly causing NAFLD among the study subjects. Grade-1 and 2 fatty livers are typically associated with elevated AST levels and a high incidence was observed in men.

Highlights

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) manifests in all genders, ages, and ethnic groups
The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence and factors linked with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Warangal, Telangana, India
The risk of NAFLD was significantly high in subjects with uncontrolled blood glucose levels, abnormal waist circumference, increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and elevated triglyceride levels (p < 0.05)

Summary

Introduction

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) manifests in all genders, ages, and ethnic groups. The principle hazardous factors of NAFLD are insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hyperlipidemia, and obesity. NAFLD is most prevalent globally with the incidence of 25% and 29.32% in Asian continent countries (Kim et al, 2018). The annual incidence of NAFLD was 51 cases per 1000 people, which may progress to chronic fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatic cancer (Goh et al, 2016; Li et al, 2019). The incidence of NAFLD varies from rural to urban. It is low among the rural population (9%) and is high among the urban population ranging from 16% to 32% (Singh et al, 2004)

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