Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effect of universal salt iodization(USI) on incidence of hyperthyroidism so as to provide a scientific evidence for development of prevention and treatment programs.Methods The incidence of hyperthyroidism were investigated by retrospective investigation in 3 townships from 1990 to 2008,including 1 township in Yongchuan and 2 townships in Fuling.Two villages of Yongchuan and 3 villages of Fuling were seccected.30 people aged 18-45 in every village were investigated.Urine iodine of the people was examined.The residents with hyperthyroidism diagnosed in Yongchun district were collected from 1990-2010 in Yongchun Hospital,Chongqing Medical University.Gender,age,thyroid volume were recorded,and goiter rate and incidence were calculated; the incidence of hyperthyroidism,detection rate,thyroid volume,trends of goiter rate and urinary iodine levels were analyzed.Results The coverage of iodized salt was between 93.85％ to 100％ in Yongchuan from 1997 to 2008,but the rate was between 15.00％ to 72.78％ in Fuling from 1997 to 2005 and between 86.55％ to 97.22％ from 2006 to 2008.The median concentration of urinary iodine in Yongchuan(271.43 g/L) was significantly higher than that in Fuling(130.68 μg/L,t =5.95,P ＜ 0.05).Before USI,the average annual incidence rate was 5.92/100 000 in Yongchuan and 4.55/100 000 in Fuling.There was no significant difference between the two areas(x2 =0.36,P ＞ 0.05).After USI,the average annual incidence rate(40.51/100 000) in Yongchuan was significantly higher than that(12.19/100 000) in Fulingm(x2 =73.20,P ＜ 0.01).The annual incidence rate significantly increased in both the two areas after eating iodized salt(x2 =46.26,15.46,P ＜ 0.01).The annual average incidence of hyperthyroidism(5.91/100 000) before USI was lower than that (30.78/100 000) after USI(x2 =1318.32,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The incidence of hyperthyroidism increases after universal salt iodization.There is an inverse correlation between the incidence of hyperthyroidism and coverage of iodized salt and urinary iodine.Iodized concentration in salt should be reduced. Key words: Hyperthyroidism ; Iodine ; Salts
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