Abstract
Objective: To analyze the main municipal socioeconomic factors associated with the incidence of HVL in the state of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. Methods: It is a analytical cross-sectional study. Data on the incidence of HVL and socioeconomic factors were collected from 954 cases notified by the SINAN (National System of Notifiable Diseases) and SIM (Mortality Information System). The cases considered were reported by municipalities in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, from 2005 to 2014. Statistical differences were analyzed by Pearson's correlation test, followed by multiple regression analysis. Significant differences were considered when p <0.05. Results: The FIRJAN Municipal Development Index was the variable that showed the most remarkable statistical robustness and strong negative association with the incidence of HVL. The municipal spending on health and residing in the metropolitan region also influenced its mean incidence rates. Conclusion: The indicators that had an influence on the performance of the incidence of LVH were the FIRJAN Municipal Development Index, health expenditure and residing in the metropolitan region.
Highlights
Leishmaniasis is part of the group of neglected infectious diseases; it frequently occurs in poorer countries and affects the most vulnerable populations that face difficulties in accessing health services (OPAS, 2019)
Objective: To analyze the main municipal socioeconomic factors associated with the incidence of Human Visceral Leishmaniasis (HVL) in the state of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil
Data on the incidence of HVL and socioeconomic factors were collected from 954 cases notified by the SINAN (National System of Notifiable Diseases) and SIM (Mortality Information System)
Summary
Leishmaniasis is part of the group of neglected infectious diseases; it frequently occurs in poorer countries and affects the most vulnerable populations that face difficulties in accessing health services (OPAS, 2019) This zoonosis is associated with numerous factors, such as malnutrition, poor housing, changes in the immune system, financial resources, and environmental changes (WHO, 2020). Human Visceral Leishmaniasis (HVL) is known as kala-azar; it is the most severe form of the disease, with the potential for outbreak and mortality It can be fatal in more than 95% of cases when left untreated (WHO, 2020). It is a zoonosis caused mostly by the intracellular parasite called Leishmania infantum (Dantas-Torres, 2006) e Leishmania donovani (Ready, 2014). It is transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies; the clinical picture is characterized by irregular fevers, weight loss, enlarged spleen and liver, and anemia (WHO, 2020)
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