INCIDENCE OF HEPATIC DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS ADMITTED IN DARBHANGA MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the study was to find out the difference in the severity of the disease, pattern of liver injury, and clinical and biochemical profile in patients with liver dysfunction with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) and metabolic syndrome. Methods: It was an observational study, the study conducted in the Department of General Medicine, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital. Fifty consecutive patients with liver dysfunction along with diabetes and 50 consecutive patients with liver dysfunction without diabetes who satisfied the following inclusion criteria and did not have any of the exclusion criteria were selected for the study during the study period from January 2020 to December 2021. Results: The mean age in patients with and without D.M. was 52.54 years and 52.58 years, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.283). The causes of liver dysfunction were as follows: Alcohol in 40 patients (24 without D.M. and 16 with D.M.), cryptogenic in 41 (14 without D.M. and 27 with D.M.), hepatitis C virus in eight (three without D.M. and five with D.M.), and hepatitis B virus in 12 (nine in without D.M. and two in with D.M.). The D.M. group had a considerably higher frequency of patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis (p=0.007). Diabetic individuals exhibited a significantly higher frequency of anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and hypercreatininemia than non-diabetic patients, according to laboratory testing. The majority of the patients of both groups showed mild ascites (88% without D.M. vs. 82% with D.M.). It shows diabetic patients had significantly higher MELD and higher Child-Pugh scores (p=0.001 and 0.004, respectively). Conclusion: D.M. is found all over the world, and there is a growing body of evidence associating it with cirrhosis. As a result, both are likely to rise in value. Coexisting diabetes appears to be linked to more severe liver injury and consequences preceding cirrhosis, as well as greater mortality once cirrhosis has developed.