Abstract
Background : Birth defects are defined as abnormalities of structure or function, which are present at birth. Major birth defects are abnormalities that lead to developmental or physical disabilities or require medical or surgical treatment and they're the leading cause of death in the first year of life. The objective of this study is to find the incidence of congenital abnormalities in this institution.
 Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Tribhuwan University Teaching Hospital from 14th April 2015 to 11th Feb ,2016 . All the delivered babies in this hospital during the study period were included. All the birth cases of gross congenital fetal malformation were identified and carefully studied and were classified according to the International Classification of diseases (ICD-10).
 Results: Total number of congenital fetal malformation abnormalities (CMF) delivered during this period was 94 (1.13%) in total 8300 birth /7868 live birth. CMF were categorized as, Musculoskeletal - 25.55%, CNS - 17.02%, Gastrointestinal -13.33%, Renal 14.25%, Cardiac -10.63%, Respiratory -10.6%, craniofacial - 9.57%, Genitouriary - 8.51%, and Miscellaneous - 9.57%.
 Conclusion: Birth abnormalities incompatible to life needs to be timely diagnosed and terminated, whereas as those compatible to life should be given a chance to be born and cared thereafter. All the mothers who have, had previous malformed babies must undergo preconceptional counseling, before planning next pregnancy in order to avoid recurrent mishap.
Highlights
Birth defects are the abnormalities in structure or function present at birth
The maximum number of congenital fetal malformation was seen in musculoskeletal system 24.44%
In the studies conducted in maternity hospital and western Regional hospital, Pokhara, malformations among the male live births was slightly higher than the female live births
Summary
Birth defects are the abnormalities in structure or function present at birth. Major abnormalities of birth defects lead to physical or developmental disabilities which may need urgent medical or surgical treatment and may cause death in early days of life. Birth defects are of major or minor category and about more than 7000 different known birth defects.[1] Minor abnormality of birth defect has structural deformity present at birth with negligible clinical significance and it can be corrected by cosmetic surgical treatment e.g. preauricular tag. Birth defects are the abnormalities in structure or function present at birth. Major abnormalities of birth defects lead to physical or developmental disabilities which may need urgent medical or surgical treatment and may cause death in early days of life. The objective of this study is to find the incidence of congenital abnormalities in this institution
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