Abstract

The aim of the present overview was to evaluate the outcomes of systematic reviews to determine the incidence of condylar resorption in patients submitted to orthognathic surgery and analyze whether the risk of developing this condition is related to a specific type of surgery. Searches were conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane electronic databases for systematic reviews with quantitative data on condylar resorption due to any type of orthognathic surgery for dentoskeletal deformities published up to May 25, 2019. The AMSTAR 2 and Glenny tools were applied for the quality appraisal. Five systematic reviews were included for analysis. Only one article was considered to have high quality. Among a total of 5128 patients, 12.32% developed condylar resorption. From those patients, 70.1% had double jaw surgery, 23.4% had mandibular surgery alone, and in 6.5% a Lefort I technique was used. Based on these findings, bimaxillary surgery could be considered a risk factor for condylar resorption. However, these results should be interpreted with caution, since other factors, such as pre-operative skeletal deformities, type of movement, and type of fixation, can contribute to the development of this condition. Further studies should consider reporting main cephalometric data, temporomandibular diagnosis, hormonal levels, and tomographic measures before and after the surgery at least every 6 months during the firsts two years to identify accurately risk factors for condylar resorption.

Highlights

  • Orthognathic surgery is used to treat dentoskeletal deformations and establish both functional and esthetic harmony

  • The inclusion criteria were systematic reviews published in English with quantitative data on condylar resorption as a consequence of any type of orthognathic surgery for dentoskeletal deformities

  • Five systematic reviews were selected for qualitative analysis.[6,19,22,30,31]

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Summary

Introduction

Orthognathic surgery is used to treat dentoskeletal deformations and establish both functional and esthetic harmony. After this procedure, the condylar bone undergoes changes to adapt to the new condition.[1,2] bone remodeling occurs, with areas of resorption and new formation throughout the entire condylar surface.[3,4] The loss that occurs through resorption is considered normal when within a maximum limit of 2 mm. Condylar resorption (CR) is defined as a progressive change in the morphology of the mandibular condyles and may be associated with intrinsic factors, such as sex, age, and type of skeletal deformity, as well

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