Abstract
AimTo evaluate the incidence of apical crack initiation during canal preparation with stainless steel K-files and hand protaper files (in vitro study).Materials and methodsSixty extracted mandibular premo-lar teeth are randomly selected and embedded in an acrylic tube filled with autopolymerizing resin. A baseline image of the apical surface of each specimen was recorded under a digital microscope (80×). The cervical and middle thirds of all samples were flared with #2 and #1 Gates-Glidden (GG) drills, and a second image was recorded. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups of 15 teeth each according to the file type (hand K-file and hand-protaper) and working length (WL) (instrumented at WL and 1 mm less than WL). Final image after dye penetration and photomicrograph of the apical root surface were digitally recorded.ResultsMaximum numbers of cracks were observed with hand protaper files compared with hand K-file at the WL and 1 mm short of WL. Chi-square testing revealed a highly significant effect of WL on crack formation at WL and 1 mm short of WL (p = 0.000).ConclusionMinimum numbers of cracks at WL and 1 mm short of WL were observed with hand K-file and maximum with hand protaper files.How to cite this articleSoni D, Raisingani D, Mathur R, Madan N, Visnoi S. Incidence of Apical Crack Initiation during Canal Preparation using Hand Stainless Steel (K-File) and Hand NiTi (Protaper) Files. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(4):303-307.
Highlights
IntroductionVarious studies suggest that vertical root fracture (VRF) is probably not an instant phenomenon, but rather a result of gradual diminution of root structure.[3] The results could confirm that fractures did not occur immediately after canal preparation
The goals of endodontic instrumentation are to completely remove debris and tissues by enlarging the canal1-5Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontic Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan IndiaVarious studies suggest that vertical root fracture (VRF) is probably not an instant phenomenon, but rather a result of gradual diminution of root structure.[3]
Maximum numbers of cracks were observed with hand protaper files compared with hand K-file at the working length (WL) and 1 mm short of WL
Summary
Various studies suggest that vertical root fracture (VRF) is probably not an instant phenomenon, but rather a result of gradual diminution of root structure.[3] The results could confirm that fractures did not occur immediately after canal preparation. Craze lines occurred in 4 to 16%, and these may develop into fractures during retreatment or after long-term functional stresses like chewing. This is in agreement with Wesselink et al,[3] who were the first to report dentinal defects as a consequence of canal preparation, but only found small defects entirely within dentin that did not communicate with the canal wall. It is generally accepted that the strength of an endodontically treated tooth is directly related to the amount of the remaining sound tooth structure
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