Abstract
This study aimed to determine the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria in Jeddah Ministry of Health hospitals. Sixteen month follow-up (January 2010 to April 2011) study was carried out and clinical isolates of hospitalized patients were collected, identified and their antimicrobial resistance was determined using two automated systems, Phoenix and Vitek 2. Results revealed that 6195 isolates were identified of which 94% (5846/6195) were Gram negatives. In Escherichia coli, the resistance was 40% (681/1703) to ciprofloxacin, 30% (511/1703) to cefepime, 29% (494/1703) to ceftazidime, 8.5% (145/1703) to tazocin and amikacin, 40% (681/1703) to gentamicin and cefuroxime. In Klebsiella pneumonia, the resistance was 48% (550/1147) to ceftazidime, 49% (565/1147) to cefuroxime, 45.5% (522/1147) to cefepime, 38% (436/1147) to gentamicin, 30% (344/1147) to ciprofloxacin, 19% (218/1147) to tazocin, 7.5% (86/1147) to amikacin and 2.4% (27/1147) to imipenem/meropenem. In Acinetobacter bumannii, 79% (850/1076) were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 68.5% (737/1076) to tazocin, 67% (721/1076) to cefepime, 66% (710/1076) to gentamicin and imipenem/meropenem, 65% (699/1076) to ceftazidime, 68% (735/1076) to amikacin and no resistance to colistin was reported. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, almost 34% (555/1632) were resistant to ceftazidime, 31% (506/1632) to ciprofloxacin, 29% (473/1632) to cefepime, 26.5% (434/1638) to gentamicin, 19% (310/1632) to imipenem/meropenem, 17% (277/1632) to amikacin, and 15.5% (253/1632) were resistant to tazocin. In Gram positive isolates, MRSA counted only for 4.6% (302/6552) and no vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) were detected. In conclusion, the resistance detected in this study is considered high and antibiotic Stewardship Programs is inevitably required.
Highlights
In Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Jeddah is the second largest city with commercial importance and with a population of 3.2 million people
E. coli was the most isolated organism and counted for 27% (1703/6195) of all identified isolates followed by P. aerignosa 26% (1632/6195), K. pneumoniae 18% (1147/6195), Acinetobacter bumannii 17% (1076/6195) and Enterobacter cloacae 4.6% (288/6195)
Our study revealed E. coli is the dominating organism (27%) in comparison to other Gram negatives bacteria
Summary
In Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Jeddah is the second largest city with commercial importance and with a population of 3.2 million people. It is the gateway to the holy cities of Makkah and Medina [1]. The Ministry of Health oversees Jeddah’s health system and provides free medical care to Saudi citizens and legal residents. The Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia is a major source of medical services in the country and has 12 different hospitals distributed among the city with approximately a total of 2400 beds. The infection prevention and control program in those hospitals is covered by one specialized administration that runs a scientifically based standardized program. All microbiology results and antibiotic susceptibilities are sent to the administration on a monthly basis for follow-up and analysis. Data are checked for validly and accuracy with the microbiologists in the hospitals
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
