Incidence of adhesive small bowel obstruction after gastrectomy for gastric cancer and its risk factors: a long-term retrospective cohort study from a high-volume institution in China.

Abstract

Adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO) has a significant impact on quality of life and medical costs. However, data about ASBO after gastrectomy remain sparse. From January 2009 to December 2017, 3025 patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Clinicopathological materials were obtained retrospectively, and univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to determine risk factors for ASBO. A nomogram for the prediction of ASBO was generated using the results of multivariable analyses. Bootstraps with 1000 resamples were performed for internal validation. The performance of the model was assessed with its discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness. A total of 330 (10.9%) patients experienced at least one ASBO episode with a median follow-up of 57.0 (interquartile range 31.0-85.0) months. Logistic regression analysis showed that independent risk factors for ASBO were previous abdominal surgery (odds ratio, OR = 2.03), open gastrectomy (OR = 3.12), non-Billroth-1 reconstruction (Billroth-2, OR = 2.61; Roux-en-Y, OR = 1.99; esophagogastrostomy, OR = 2.79), D2/D2 + lymphadenectomy (OR = 2.64), combined organ resection (OR = 2.76), and postoperative intraabdominal complication (OR = 2.73). The nomogram showed good discrimination, with a C-index of 0.702 and good calibration. Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the nomogram was clinically useful. Several risk factors associated with ASBO after gastrectomy for gastric cancer were identified. Nomogram generated based on these factors could serve as a reliable tool to predict the probability of ASBO.