Incidence of acute kidney injury in women with systemic lupus erythematosus

Abstract

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with high mortality and morbidity. Despite the advances in the medical field and overall improvement in patient health outcomes, it remains a challenging illness to treat globally. This study aimed at determining acute kidney injury (AKI) incidence in female patients with an SLE of reproductive age in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all confirmed female patients with SLE between 15 and 50 years of age diagnosed with AKI from 2009 to 2019. Microsoft Excel was used for data entry and analyzed it using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21. A chi-square was used to test association, where appropriate. Result: This study found that 11 (4.8%) out of 230 people developed AKI. The remaining 219 patients did not develop AKI. Based on our results, we deduced that there is a lack of association between the duration of SLE in patients with AKI and the duration of SLE in patients without AKI (p-values of 0.292 and 0.193, respectively) Conclusion: More population-based studies need to be conducted in Saudi Arabia on the epidemiological aspects of SLE and its relationship with renal diseases.