Abstract
BackgroundCervical cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in women, particularly metastasis resulting in a poor prognosis. However, the clinical characteristics of cervical cancer patients with advanced liver metastasis have not been well investigated. We aimed to evaluate the incidence, clinical risk and prognostic factors for hepatic metastasis in cervical cancer patients.Materials and methodsThe clinical features of patients diagnosed with cervical cancer were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result (SEER) public cancer database between 2010 and 2015. Multivariate logistic and Cox regression models were performed to identify potential risk and prognostic factors for liver metastasis in patients with cervical cancer.ResultsA total of 431 patients (2.32%) developed liver metastasis in our analysis. The following characteristics were significantly associated with the development of liver metastasis: black ethnicity, uninsured status, higher tumor stage, poorer differentiated grade, non-squamous histology, non-surgery of primary site, patients with any additional lung, bone, and brain metastasis. Multivariate Cox regression showed that patients with additional lung metastasis, without radiotherapy, and without chemotherapy were negatively correlated with overall survival. Concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy was a favorable prognostic factor to improve overall survival, and chemotherapy showed to increase cause-specific survival. Additional lung metastasis was an independent characteristic for both risk and prognostic factors for hepatic metastasis in patients with cervical cancer.ConclusionOur results found several potential clinical features that may be used to assess the risk and prognosis of liver metastasis in patients with cervical cancer. These associated factors may provide clinical indications for the early identification and treatment of cervical cancer patients with hepatic metastasis.
Highlights
Cervical cancer is the second most frequent female genital system malignant tumor, causing approximately 30, 000 cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2018 [1]
Multivariate Cox regression showed that patients with additional lung metastasis, without radiotherapy, and without chemotherapy were negatively correlated with overall survival
Demographic and clinical characteristics for liver metastasis Based on the inclusion criteria, a total of 19,420 patients were diagnosed with cervical cancer between 2010 and 2015, including 431 (2.32%) with liver metastasis and 18, 127 (97.68%) without liver metastasis
Summary
Cervical cancer is the second most frequent female genital system malignant tumor, causing approximately 30, 000 cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2018 [1]. Advanced cervical cancer patients with distant metastases remain difficult to diagnose and treat. Distant metastasis severely reduces the quality of life of late-stage patients [4]. The median survival time of patients with single distant organ metastasis is only approximately 8 months, and decrease to 5 months when multiple metastases are detected [5]. Cervical cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in women, metastasis resulting in a poor prognosis. The clinical characteristics of cervical cancer patients with advanced liver metastasis have not been well investigated. We aimed to evaluate the incidence, clinical risk and prognostic factors for hepatic metastasis in cervical cancer patients
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