Incidence and Risk Factors of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter-related Complications in Patients with Different Disease Types

Abstract

Background: Cancer patients or critical patients need reliable vascular access to meet the requirements of transporting therapeutic drugs or nutrients. Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are widely used in these patients, however, the incidence of PICC-related complications is high and the data on specific diseases are not yet clear. Methods: We collected geographic characteristics and insertion information of patients with lung cancer, breast cancer, digestive tract tumor and ICU status who underwent PICC during May 2017 to June 2018. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to estimate the risk factors of PICC-related complications. Results: 634 lung cancer, 979 breast cancer, 1453 digestive tract cancer, and 374 ICU status patients were enrolled in the study with 351 (10.2%) developed complications. There was no difference in the distribution of complications among different disease types (P>0.05). Drinking (OR 2.15, 95 CI% 1.05-3.69, P=0.012) and prior surgery (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.05-3.69, P=0.035) were risk factors of breast cancer patients. Prior surgery (OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.54-4.09, P<0.001) and site of PICC (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.10-2.23, P=0.014) were the influenced factors of digestive tract tumor patients. Complications of ICU status patients were influenced by smoke (OR 5.83, 95% CI 1.30-26.14, P=0.021) and prior surgery (OR 3.43, 95% CI 1.44-8.13, P=0.005). Conclusion: The targeted and reasonable prevention and nursing care should be focused on by medical staff.