Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective:to estimate the incidence of surgical site infection in general surgeries at a large Brazilian hospital while identifying risk factors and prevalent microorganisms. Method:non-concurrent cohort study with 16,882 information of patients undergoing general surgery from 2008 to 2011. Data were analyzed by descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results:the incidence of surgical site infection was 3.4%. The risk factors associated with surgical site infection were: length of preoperative hospital stay more than 24 hours; duration of surgery in hours; wound class clean-contaminated, contaminated and dirty/infected; and ASA index classified into ASA II, III and IV/V. Staphyloccocus aureus and Escherichia coli were identified. Conclusion:the incidence was lower than that found in the national studies on general surgeries. These risk factors corroborate those presented by the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System Risk Index, by the addition of the length of preoperative hospital stay. The identification of the actual incidence of surgical site infection in general surgeries and associated risk factors may support the actions of the health team in order to minimize the complications caused by surgical site infection.
Highlights
Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) is a subject of great concern of the healthcare services
In a study of the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) involving information of 850,000 general surgeries performed in the United States, it was found an overall incidence of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) equal to 1.9%(2)
The variable length of preoperative hospital stay greater than 24 hours was associated with approximately twice the chance of developing SSI, when compared to a length of hospital stay less than 24 hours (p
Summary
Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) is a subject of great concern of the healthcare services. Among the topographies of the HAIs, Surgical Site Infection (SSI) is directly related to surgical procedures, and is currently one of the most important among the HAIs[1,2,3]. In a study of the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) involving information of 850,000 general surgeries performed in the United States, it was found an overall incidence of SSI equal to 1.9%(2). In Brazil, data on the incidence of SSI in general and specific surgeries vary from 1.4% to 38.8%(3-9). It is important to note that, of these studies, only two refer to data from general surgeries[3,8]. The risk of death in patients with SSI is increased when compared to those who did not develop an infection[11]
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