Incidence and prognosis of stroke in the Valle d'Aosta, Italy. First-year results of a community-based study.

Abstract

We sought to determine the incidence rate, risk factors, and prognosis of stroke in Valle d'Aosta, Italy, to provide information for planning regional health-care facilities. We undertook a prospective study of all new cases of stroke in the geographically defined population of 114,325 residents of Valle d'Aosta in northern Italy. In the first year of the study (January 1-December 31, 1989), 254 cases of first stroke were registered. The crude annual incidence rate was 2.23/1,000, 1.98/1,000 for men and 2.46/1,000 for women. After adjustment to the 1988 Italian population, the incidence rate for first stroke was 2.15/1,000 per year, 2.48/1,000 per year for men and 1.99/1,000 per year for women. The pathological diagnosis was cerebral infarction in 67%, intracranial hemorrhage in 15%, and unknown in 18%. The overall 30-day case-fatality rate was 31%. In survivors, Barthel Index Score recorded at 30 days from stroke onset showed that 100 patients (62%) were dependent in activities of daily living. Our results do not differ significantly from those reported in Umbria, the only similar study performed in Italy, and support non-Italian data as to risk factors in stroke.