Incidence and Predictors of Very Late (≥4 Years) Major Cardiac Adverse Events in the DESIRE (Drug-Eluting Stents in the Real World)-Late Registry

Abstract

Our aim was to access the incidence of late major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and stent thrombosis (ST) in nonselected, complex patients followed for a period >/=4 years. Despite the efficacy of drug-eluting stents (DES) in reducing repeated target lesion revascularization, concerns regarding the occurrence of late and very late ST have partially obscured the benefits of this novel technology. All consecutive patients treated solely with DES between May 2002 and January 2005 were enrolled into this prospective, nonrandomized, single-center registry. The primary end point was long-term occurrence of MACE up to 7 years. Independent predictors of MACE, cardiac death, target lesion revascularization, and ST were obtained by a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model. A total of 1,010 patients were enrolled. Most of them were men (77%) with a mean age of 63.7 years. Stent/patient rate was 1.4. Patients were kept in dual antiplatelet therapy for 3 and 6 months after Cypher (Cordis, Johnson & Johnson, Miami Lakes, Florida) and Taxus (Boston Scientific Corp., Natick, Massachusetts) stent implantation, respectively. Follow-up was obtained in 98.2% of the cohort (median 5.01 years). Survival free of MACE and cumulative incidence of definite/probable ST were 84.6% and 1.7%, respectively. Independent predictors of ST were percutaneous coronary intervention in the setting of acute myocardial infarction, DES overlapping, treatment of multivessel disease, presence of moderate-to-severe calcification at lesion site, and in-stent residual stenosis. The deployment of DES in complex, real-world patients resulted in a low rate of very long-term MACE and ST. However, ST still occurs very long after the index procedure.