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Abstract
Background: Data is limited about the incidence of congenital heart disease in Jordan. The goal of this study is to determine the incidence and patterns of congenital heart diseases (CHD) among Jordanian infants evaluated at King Abdullah University Hospital.Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for all infants who had an echocardiogram evaluation in the 3-years period July 2016–June 2019. All included infants had a 2-dimentional echocardiogram with a Doppler vascular study performed by the same cardiologist. Infants with a structural congenital heart disease were included in the analysis.Results: A total of 1,028 infants were evaluated at the cardiology department during the study period. Eight hundred and sixty-five had an abnormal echo finding. Two hundred and ninety-eighth were diagnosed with CHD. The incidence of CHD was 25 per 1000 live births. Fifty one percent were premature infants. The majority of cases were mild CHD. Patent ductus arteriosus was the most common acyanotic lesion followed by ventricular septal defect and atrial septal defect with a prevalence of 44, 25, and 25%, respectively. Cyanotic CHD constituted 6% of all CHD. Tetralogy of Fallott was the most common cyanotic CHD. The main indication for referral was hearing a heart murmur during physical examination.Conclusion: Although the incidence of CHD in our cohort was relatively high, the majority of cases were acyanotic mild CHD with favorable prognosis. A wider population-based study is needed to evaluate the incidence and better understand the patterns and distribution of CHD at a national level.
Highlights
Among all congenital defects, congenital heart diseases (CHD) continue to be the major cause of mortality in pediatric age groups
Some studies exclude bicuspid aortic valve, tiny ventricular septal defects and silent patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) from their cohort and this could have a significant effect on the reported rates [1]
A total of 1,028 infants were referred for cardiology evaluation and each had a 2-dimentional echocardiogram performed at least once
Summary
Congenital heart diseases (CHD) continue to be the major cause of mortality in pediatric age groups. The incidence of CHD varies between populations according to the published studies conducted in different countries with an incidence ranging from 4 to 50 per 1,000 live births [1]. Patterns of Congenital Heart Disease per 1,000 live births [2]. The variably reported rates of CHD among published studies are related to the difference in their inclusion criteria. In our region in the Middle East, several hospital-based reports have been published showing a prevalence ranging from 2 to 11% [5, 6] but there has been no documented data at national levels. Data is limited about the incidence of congenital heart disease in Jordan. The goal of this study is to determine the incidence and patterns of congenital heart diseases (CHD) among Jordanian infants evaluated at King Abdullah University Hospital
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