Abstract
Incidence and neonatal risk factors for short stature in preterm children born small for gestational age (SGA) have not been fully investigated in Japan. In this prospective study, infants born ≤32 weeks’ gestational age (GA) from 2004–2015 were enrolled and followed for 3 years. Incidence of short children born SGA and short stature treated with growth hormone (GH) were investigated. Neonatal risk factors were analysed using univariate and multivariate analyses. GA cut-off value was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Of 604 infants born ≤32 weeks’ GA, 76 (13%) were SGA at birth. Twenty-seven infants (36%) developed short stature at age 2 and 14 infants (19%) received GH treatment at age 3. GA, birthweight, birth length, birth head circumference, and chronic lung disease at 36 weeks’ corrected GA were determined as risk factors by univariate analyses (p < 0.01). Multivariate analyses only revealed low GA as an independent risk factor. ROC curve analysis determined a cut-off value of 24 weeks’ GA. Nineteen percent of preterm SGA infants ≤32 weeks’ GA developed short stature treated with GH. A low GA at birth could be an early detection marker for short stature that requires GH treatment in preterm infants born SGA.
Highlights
In terms of follow-up for infants with small for gestational age (SGA), it is important to know the incidence and neonatal risk factors associated with short stature that needs growth hormone (GH) treatment
74 SGA infants were enrolled in this prospective study
In this Japanese prospective study, we revealed that the incidences of short stature and short stature treated with GH were as high as 36% and 19% in SGA infants born at ≤32 weeks’ GA, respectively
Summary
In terms of follow-up for infants with SGA, it is important to know the incidence and neonatal risk factors associated with short stature that needs GH treatment. We previously reported in a Japanese city population-based study that the estimated incidence of short children born SGA that met the criteria for GH treatment was 0.06% and 1.6% in all 3-year-old children and 3-year-old SGA children, respectively[17]. In early preterm SGA infants, neonatal risk factors for the development of short stature and short stature that is severe enough to warrant treatment with GH may exist; they have not yet been fully investigated. Neonatal risk factors of short stature and short stature treated with GH in early preterm infants born SGA through a multiple hospital-based prospective cohort study
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