Abstract
BackgroundMaternal immunization with tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine confers protection to young infants. We aimed to describe trends in pertussis incidence and associated mortality in children aged <12 months before and after introduction of maternal Tdap immunization in Bogotá, Colombia. MethodsData on pertussis-related cases/deaths in infants aged <12 months were collected from SIVIGILA for the period 2005–2016, and compared incidence for the pre-vaccine introduction (2005–2012) and post-maternal Tdap vaccination (2014–2016) periods in infants aged <12 months and in three distinct age-strata; ≤6 weeks, 7–<28 weeks, and 28–52 weeks. Mortality comparisons were performed in all infants <12 months. ResultsFrom 2005 to 2016, 2315 laboratory or clinically-confirmed pertussis cases were reported in infants <12 months of age (278 cases in young infants aged ≤6 weeks); 55 pertussis deaths were reported in children aged <12 months. No pertussis deaths were reported in the 2014–2016 period. Since maternal Tdap introduction in 2013, a consistent decline in pertussis incidence and mortality was observed. In the time-series analysis, incidence declined from 209.4/100,000 persons (2005–2012) to 49.1/100,000 persons (2014–2016) in all children <12 months; a 87.5% (95%CI: 77.2-93.2%) reduction. For these same period’s incidence in young infants ≤6 weeks declined from 196.7 to 89.6/100,000 person-years (an 54.4% [95% CI: 35.4–67.9%] reduction). Greater incidence reductions were observed in older infants; 73.4% (95% CI: 68.4–77.6%) in those aged 7–<28 weeks, and 100% in those aged 28–52 weeks. A 100% reduction in Pertussis mortality in infants <12 months was observed. Since Tdap introduction, maternal vaccine coverage rose from <60% in 2013–2015 to 80% in 2016. ConclusionsImplementation of maternal immunization in Bogotá may have contributed to the reduction in pertussis incidence and mortality among infants <12 months of age (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02569879).An Audio Summary linked to this article that can be found on Figshare https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.12943316
Highlights
Pertussis, caused by Bordetella pertussis, is a highly contagious disease and remains a substantial global con-⇑ Corresponding author at: GSK, Epidemiology and Health Outcome Latin cern as a vaccine-preventable cause of infant morbidity and mortality [1,2]
From 2005 to 2016, a total of 2315 laboratory- or clinicallyconfirmed pertussis cases were reported in infants
The greatest burden is observed in the youngest infants who are not eligible to receive pertussis vaccination
Summary
Pertussis (or ‘‘whooping cough”), caused by Bordetella pertussis, is a highly contagious disease and remains a substantial global con-⇑ Corresponding author at: GSK, Epidemiology and Health Outcome Latin cern as a vaccine-preventable cause of infant morbidity and mortality [1,2]. Recent data from the Global Burden of Disease studies indicates that in children
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