Abstract
This study investigated the incidence and risk factors of mortality in 2,476 patients with variant angina (VA) using the National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort between 2004 and 2011. The risk factors of all-cause and cardiac mortality were investigated using Cox proportional hazards model. Most patients (69.5%) were less than 65 years and 42.9% were women. During the median follow-up duration of 4.9 years, there were 178 (7.2%) and 95 (3.8%) cases of all-cause and cardiac mortality, respectively. Older age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, poor medication adherence, low household income and tertiary teaching hospitals were independent predictors for all-cause mortality, while older age, hypertension, low household income and tertiary teaching hospitals were independent predictors for cardiac mortality. In conclusion, our findings suggest that traditional risk factor control and continued medication are important to improve VA outcomes, and that household income-level factors should be considered in the assessment of risk of VA patients.
Highlights
This study investigated the incidence and risk factors of mortality in 2,476 patients with variant angina (VA) using the National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort between 2004 and 2011
Vasodilators are effective in relieving coronary artery spasm[6,7,8,9,10]; as long as Variant angina (VA) patients are taking vasodilators, their prognoses are better than those with atherosclerotic coronary stenosis[11,12,13]
To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest study in the literature with a long follow-up period that shows the mortality rates and predictors in VA patients
Summary
This study investigated the incidence and risk factors of mortality in 2,476 patients with variant angina (VA) using the National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort between 2004 and 2011. Even though some studies have investigated the outcomes and prognostic factors of patients with VA6,7,11–22, they had several weak points; first, sample sizes were relatively small and/or follow-up durations were short in most of those studies, they would potentially have generalization problem; second. Investigations on VA with large subject numbers and long-term clinical follow-up duration are needed to better understand and manage this disease. It would be helpful for such investigations to include more recent clinical practices for VA. The purpose of this study was to determine the long-term mortality in 2,476 patients who had VA as a primary diagnosis between 2004 and 2011, and to identify the prognostic factors
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