Incidence and clinical feature of hypocalcemia after parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism patients

Abstract

Objective To analyze and discussed the incidence and clinical feature of the hypocalcemia after parathyroidectomy in patient with primary hyperparathyroidism. Methods Thirty seven patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who were hospitalized at the Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from Jan 2012 to Sep. 2016, their clinical data were analyzed retrospectively.Divided in 4 groups by symton, count the incidence of hypocalcemia of each group and hospital stay after operation, analyze and compare the difference of each group, summarize its regularity. SPSS20.0 statistical software was adopted. The results of metering data were indicated by mean and standard deviation, and Kruskal-Wallis group was used to compare the rank. When the sample size was less than 40, the Fisher exact probability method was used for the test, and when the sample size was large, chi-square test was adopted. Results Postoperative hypocalcemia occured in 26 patients in total, the incidence was 70.2%, the average length of hospital stay after parathyroidectomy was 7.2 days; postoperative hypocalcemia occured in 7 patients in bone type group patients, the incidence was 87.5%, the average length of hospital stay after parathyroidectomy was 11.6 days; postoperative hypocalcemia occured in 6 patients in renal type group patients, the incidence was 46.1%, the average length of hospital stay after parathyroidectomy was 5.5 days; postoperative hypocalcemia occured in 10 patients in asymptomatic type group patients, the incidence was 76.9%, the average length of hospital stay after parathyroidectomy was 4.8 days. Mixed type group, digestive system type group and neuropsychiatric type group has 1 patients respectively, and postoperative hypocalcemia occured in all of them.There was statistically significant difference in the incidence of hypocalcemia among bone type group, renal type group and asymptomatic type group (P=0.147), and there was significant difference in the postoperative hospitalization days among groups (χ2=11.202, P=0.004). Conclusions Hypocalcemia is a commom complication after parathyroidectomy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. The incidence of hypocalcemia was highest in bone type group, and it has the longest length of hospital stay, so surgeons should be alert to the occurrence of hypocalcemia in bone type patients most. The severity of hypocalcemia on renal and asymptomatic type patients is lower, they can be discharged from the hospital at discretion as early as possible. Key words: Postoperative complications; Hypocalcemia; Incidence; Primary hyperparathyroidism