Incentivization of Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing at a Large Public University

Abstract

Abstract Background According to the United States (U.S.) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 2.5 million cases of syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia were reported in 2022, with notable increases in gonorrhea and chlamydia. The highest rates of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis were found in men and women of college age. This study compared free STI testing events to usual care with regard to patient socio-economic factors and testing positivity rates. Methods The Department of Student Health & Wellness at a large, public university offers routine testing at a low cost, flat rate, including chlamydia, gonorrhea, hepatitis C Ab, syphilis and HIV testing. Two weeks of free testing were held during calendar year 2023. Utilization and positivity rates between free testing and regular testing weeks were compared using Pearson’s chi squared and Fisher Exact tests. Results A total of 8705 tests were performed during routine testing weeks with associated cost averaging 174 tests per week as compared to 1177 tests for the free testing weeks averaging 589 tests per week. Testing uptake during free testing weeks was higher among females (65.6% (n = 772) vs. 55.1% (n = 4797); p < 0.001) and minorities such as, Black or African American [11.3% (n = 133) vs. 9.4% (n = 813); p = 0.02], Hispanic [11.4% (n = 134) vs. 9.2% (n = 798); p = 0.02] and Asian [13.1% (n = 154) vs. 8.8% (n = 763); p < 0.001] when compared to testing during regular weeks. Chlamydial infection positivity rate was lower during the free testing weeks [1.8% (n = 7)] vs. [3.9% (n = 123); p = 0.04]. Gonorrhea, hepatitis C, HIV, and Syphilis positivity rates did not differ between the two testing periods. Conclusions Free STI testing in the context of a large, public university Student Health Department shows increased utilization. The establishment of free testing weeks was associated with an increase in female students and minorities use of testing services at a large public university. Key messages • Incentivization can improve STI testing utilization among university students. • The establishment of STI free testing periods can increase the use of testing services among minority students and females.