Inactivation of Different Salmonella enteriditis Phage Types and Safety and Efficacy of Inactivated Products in Chicken.

A Akhtar,Zunita Zakaria,Elawad A Hussein,M Hair-Bejo,Antonio Ortega-Pacheco

doi:10.1155/2021/8818308

Abstract

This study was conducted to inactivate Salmonella enteriditis phage types (SE pt) and to determine the safety and efficacy of inactivated SE pt in chickens. SE pt 1, 3A, 6A, 7, and 35 were inactivated and inoculated (0.20 mL) in 124 chickens divided into 6 groups (CV1, CV3A, CV6A, CV7, CV35, and CV0 as a control). Sampling was conducted on day 14 after inoculation (pi). Eight chickens from each group were separated on day 14 pi for oral challenge with 0.20 mL/chicken (1010 cfu/mL) SE pt 6A and designated CV1C, CV3AC, CV6AC, CV7C, CV35C, and CV0C as control chickens. On days 7 and 14 postchallenge (pc), 4 chickens from every group were sacrificed for sampling. There was no significant difference in the body weight between different groups. In challenged groups, there was no significant association between different tissues and isolation of Salmonella on days 7 and 14 pc. There was significance (p < 0.05) in isolation of Salmonella when CV0C group was compared with other challenged groups. Significance was not observed between different tissues with respect to induction of microscopic changes. Significance was not observed between day 7 pc and day 14 pc with respect to scoring of lesions induced. Clinical signs and gross lesions were also recorded. ELISA was applied. Only in CV3AC group, the mean antibody titer was 1359 on day 14 pc. The conclusion was that inactivated SE pt 3A and 6A were safe and efficacious for protection against Salmonella enteriditis infection in chickens.

Highlights

Human infections due to Salmonella enterica are considered as the major disease burdens worldwide
Because inactivated vaccines constitute a well-known type of effective vaccines, inactivation of Salmonella enteriditis would considerably help in development of a vaccine for the control of Malaysian isolates of Salmonella enteriditis. e objectives of Veterinary Medicine International the study were to inactivate different Salmonella enteriditis phage types isolated in Malaysia and to determine the safety and efficacy of inactivated single Salmonella enteriditis phage types in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens
Out of the remaining 16 chickens in each group, 8 chickens from each group were separated in a new room on day 14 pi for oral challenge with 0.20 mL/chicken (1010 cfu/ mL) Salmonella enteriditis phage type 6A (UPM-0527) and designated as CV1C, CV3AC, CV6AC, CV7C, CV35C, and CV0C

Summary

Introduction

Human infections due to Salmonella enterica are considered as the major disease burdens worldwide. To restrict the contamination of eggs with Salmonella, consist of strict farm biosecurity and routine chemical decontamination [3], while the methods to prevent gastrointestinal colonization in the host include the addition of organic acids to feed and water, use of probiotics and competitive exclusion products, and vaccination [3]. E application of vaccination, together with other control measures, is an important strategy to reduce Salmonella infection and to mitigate the foodborne risk of human disease [4]. Inactivated vaccines can provide the chicken with immunity that suppresses Salmonella colonization in organs and reduce shedding of the microbe in faeces [5]. Because inactivated vaccines constitute a well-known type of effective vaccines, inactivation of Salmonella enteriditis would considerably help in development of a vaccine for the control of Malaysian isolates of Salmonella enteriditis. e objectives of Veterinary Medicine International the study were to inactivate different Salmonella enteriditis phage types isolated in Malaysia and to determine the safety and efficacy of inactivated single Salmonella enteriditis phage types in SPF chickens

Materials and Methods

Results

Conclusions