Abstract
To distinguish the bactericidal action of singlet oxygen ( 1O 2) from hypohalous acids, wild-type and lycopene transformant E. coli strains were exposed to each of the oxidants and then bacterial viability was investigated. 1O 2 was generated by chemical and enzymatic systems at pH 4.5. Exposure of wild-type E. coli to 1O 2 caused a significant loss of E. coli viability due to inactivation of membrane respiratory chain enzymes by 1O 2. This action of 1O 2 could be attenuated by lycopene in the bacterial cell membrane. In the lycopene transformant strain of E. coli, inactivation of NADH oxidase and succinate oxidase by hypohalous acids were significantly suppressed, but E. coli viability was unaffected. Based on these findings, we suggest that phagocytic leukocytes produce 1O 2 as a major bactericidal oxidant in the phagosome.
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