In VivoOsteogenesis of Vancomycin Loaded Nanohydroxyapatite/Collagen/Calcium Sulfate Composite for Treating Infectious Bone Defect Induced by Chronic Osteomyelitis

Xiaojie Lian,Kezheng Mao,Xi Liu,Xiumei Wang,Fuzhai Cui

doi:10.1155/2015/261492

Abstract

A novel antibacterial bone graft substitute was developed to repair bone defects and to inhibit related infections simultaneously. This bone composite was prepared by introducing vancomycin (VCM) to nanohydroxyapatite/collagen/calcium sulphate hemihydrate (nHAC/CSH). XRD, SEM, and CCK-8 tests were used to characterize the structure and morphology and to investigate the adhesion and proliferation of murine osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell on VCM/nHAC/CSH composite. The effectiveness in restoring infectious bone defects was evaluatedin vivousing a rabbit model of chronic osteomyelitis. Ourin vivoresults implied that the VCM/nHAC/CSH composite performed well both in antibacterial ability and in bone regeneration. This novel bone graft substitute should be very promising for the treatment of bone defect-related infection in orthopedic surgeries.

Highlights

Bone defect-related infections especially chronic osteomyelitis are quite common in open fracture and trauma in clinical treatment, which continues to be very difficult to treat and brings challenges to clinicians
The conversion of CSD phase to α-Calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) phase by hydrothermal synthesis was confirmed by XRD analyses (Figures 1(d)(A) and 1(d)(B)) and revealed complete transformation of CSD with new diffraction peaks located at 14.75∘, 25.58∘, 29.76∘, and 31.94∘, which were correlated with the characteristic crystal planes of 110, 310, 220, and −114 for α-CSH phase
The inhibition ratio of VCM/nHAC/CSH was more than 99.8% and the distinct inhibition zone of 18 mm was formed in Staphylococcus aureus bacterium incubation dish with VCM/nHAC/CSH disc in the center of agar matrix for 16 hours of incubation

Summary

Introduction

Bone defect-related infections especially chronic osteomyelitis are quite common in open fracture and trauma in clinical treatment, which continues to be very difficult to treat and brings challenges to clinicians. Systemically administered antibiotics have been associated with a number of difficulties including toxic side effects if the drug level is too high or may fail to exert the proper therapeutic effect if the drug level is too low at the site of need. These disadvantages could be markedly reduced if the antibiotic is applied locally at the site of infection by incorporating it into, or onto, implantable skeletal delivery scaffold, and it may improve efficacy by delivering valid and safe drug concentrations to the infected bone. Li et al did some related studies [1,2,3]

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