Abstract
We present in vivo volumetric images of human retinal micro-circulation using Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (Fd-OCT) with the phase-variance based motion contrast method. Currently fundus fluorescein angiography (FA) is the standard technique in clinical settings for visualizing blood circulation of the retina. High contrast imaging of retinal vasculature is achieved by injection of a fluorescein dye into the systemic circulation. We previously reported phase-variance optical coherence tomography (pvOCT) as an alternative and non-invasive technique to image human retinal capillaries. In contrast to FA, pvOCT allows not only noninvasive visualization of a two-dimensional retinal perfusion map but also volumetric morphology of retinal microvasculature with high sensitivity. In this paper we report high-speed acquisition at 125 kHz A-scans with pvOCT to reduce motion artifacts and increase the scanning area when compared with previous reports. Two scanning schemes with different sampling densities and scanning areas are evaluated to find optimal parameters for high acquisition speed in vivo imaging. In order to evaluate this technique, we compare pvOCT capillary imaging at 3x3 mm2 and 1.5x1.5 mm2 with fundus FA for a normal human subject. Additionally, a volumetric view of retinal capillaries and a stitched image acquired with ten 3x3 mm2 pvOCT sub-volumes are presented. Visualization of retinal vasculature with pvOCT has potential for diagnosis of retinal vascular diseases.
Highlights
At present, the most widely used technique for examining the circulation of the retina in clinical settings is fundus fluorescein angiography (FA)
In this paper we concentrate on optical coherence tomography (OCT) [1,2] methods that have the benefit of offering perfusion maps or flow with depth information in the human retina [3,4,5,6,7,8]
The subject was imaged with FA and phase-variance optical coherence tomography (pvOCT) on his left eye
Summary
The most widely used technique for examining the circulation of the retina in clinical settings is fundus fluorescein angiography (FA). In this paper we concentrate on optical coherence tomography (OCT) [1,2] methods that have the benefit of offering perfusion maps or flow with depth information in the human retina [3,4,5,6,7,8]. Fundus FA generates vasculature maps of the retina and blood stream flow for identification of arteries and veins as well as hemorrhage. Phase-variance optical coherence tomography (pvOCT) identifies regions of motion between consecutive B-scans, which allows mapping of micro-vasculature without quantitative flow information [12]. In this paper we present contrast agent free images of in vivo human retinal vasculature using phase-variance based motion contrast OCT.
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