Abstract
With antibody-mediated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) applied in cancer examinations, patients must pay at least twice for MNP reagents in immunomagnetic reduction (IMR) of in vitro screening and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of in vivo tests. This is because the high maintenance costs and complex analysis of MRI have limited the possibility of in vivo screening. Therefore, this study proposes novel methods for in vivo screening of tumors by examining the AC susceptibility of bound MNPs using scanning superconducting-quantum-interference-device (SQUID) biosusceptometry (SSB), thereby demonstrating high portability and improved economy. The favorable agreement between in vivo tests using SSB and MRI demonstrated the feasibility of in vivo screening using SSB for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) targeted by anti-alpha fetoprotein (AFP)-mediated MNPs. The magnetic labeling was also proved by in vitro tests using SSB and biopsy assays. Therefore, patients receiving bioprobe-mediated MNPs only once can undergo in vivo screening using SSB in the future.
Highlights
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with bioprobes have recently been applied for screening by immunomagnetic reduction (IMR) [1], image contrast of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [2,3], hyperthermia [4,5], drug delivery [6,7], and surgical treatment [8] of tumors
The binding of anti-alpha fetoprotein (AFP) MNPs to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue and the metabolism of anti-AFP MNPs in normal tissue explain the phenomenon in Regions 1 and 2, as well as Region 3 separately
They show that anti-AFP MNPs, accumulated in HCC sites for the area ratio, defined as the area of brown spots over of the whole macroscopic photo
Summary
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with bioprobes have recently been applied for screening by immunomagnetic reduction (IMR) [1], image contrast of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [2,3], hyperthermia [4,5], drug delivery [6,7], and surgical treatment [8] of tumors. Among these processes for examining tumors, only screening is employed for in vitro testing, whereas the other processes are employed for in vivo tests. The complex configuration of multimodal MNPs and other examination methods increase costs and biological safety risks
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