Abstract
This study was designed to determine the in vivo performance of three different materials as scaffolds for dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) undergoing induced odontogenic differentiation. An odontogenic medium modified by the addition of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 was used in the experimental groups to induce differentiation. Mesenchymal stem cell medium was used in the control groups. DPSC were transplanted onto the backs of mice via three scaffolds: copolymer of L-lactide and DL-lactide (PLDL), copolymer of DL-lactide (PDL) and hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP). The expression levels of dentin sialo-phosphoprotein (DSPP), dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP1), enamelysin/matrix metalloproteinase 20 (MMP20) and phosphate-regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases on X chromosome (PHEX) were analysed using RT-PCR. The expressions in the experimental groups were compared to those in the control groups. The transcript expressions at 6 and 12 weeks were significantly different for all scaffolds (p < 0.05), except for the expression of DSPP in the PLDL group with regard to the time variable. Although there was a decrease in the expression of enamelysin/MMP20 in PLDL and HA/TCP at 12 weeks, all other expressions increased and reached their highest level at 12 weeks. The highest DSPP expression was in the PDL group (p < 0.05). The highest expression of DMP1 was detected in the HA/TCP group (p < 0.05). The highest expression of PHEX was in the PLDL group (p < 0.05). Consequently, PLDL and PDL seemed to be promising scaffold candidates for odontogenic regeneration at least as HA-TCP, when they were applied with the DPSC induced for odontogenic differentiation.
Highlights
The current dental treatments are unable to restore full biological function, including the mechanical properties of the lost or damaged tissue
The aim of this study was to determine the in vivo performance of different scaffold materials, i.e., a copolymer of L-lactide and DL-lactide (PLDL), a copolymer of DL-lactide (PDL) and hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) for Dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) induced for odontogenic differentiation by medium modification
The transcript expressions at 6 and 12 weeks were significantly different for all scaffold materials (p < 0.05), except for a lack of difference in the expression of dentin sialo-phosphoprotein (DSPP) in the PLDL group with regard to the time variable (p > 0.05)
Summary
The current dental treatments are unable to restore full biological function, including the mechanical properties of the lost or damaged tissue. The ‘regenerative dentistry’ concept of biological tooth repair appears to be a promising alternative for the future of dentistry.[1] different stem cells, morphogens and scaffolds can be combined to simulate natural odontogenic regeneration, it is crucial to determine which options most closely replicate the characteristics of human dental tissues. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) seem to be the most appropriate cell group for the regenerative approach.[2] They have a higher odontogenic
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