In vivo kinematical validated knee model for preclinical testing of total knee replacement

Abstract

Background and objectiveA computational knee model facilitates efficient component design evaluations and preclinical testing under various dynamic loadings. However, the development of a highly mimicked dynamic whole knee model with specified ligament constraints that provides high predictive accuracy with in-vivo experiments remains a challenge. MethodsIn the present study, a musculoskeletal integrated force-driven explicit finite-element knee model with tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints constrained with detailed soft tissue was developed. A proportional-integral-derivative controller was concurrently added to the knee model to track the boundary conditions. The actuations of the quadriceps and hamstrings were predicted via a subject-specific musculoskeletal model and matched with electromyography results. ResultsCompared to in-vivo fluoroscopic results in a gait cycle, the predicted results of the kinematics of the tibiofemoral joint exhibited an agreement in terms of tendency and magnitude (anterior–posterior translation: RMSE = 1.1 mm, r2 = 0.87; inferior–superior translation: RMSE = 0.83 mm, r2 = 0.84; medial–lateral translation: RMSE = 0.82 mm, r2 = 0.05; flexion–extension rotation: RMSE = 0.23°, r2 = 1; internal-external rotation: RMSE = 1.85°, r2 = 0.65; varus–valgus rotation: RMSE = 1.39°, r2 = 0.08). Contact mechanics, including the contact area, pressure, and stress, were synchronously simulated on the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints. ConclusionsThe study provides a calibrated knee model and a kinematical validation approach that can be widely used in preclinical testing and knee prosthesis design.