Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of in-vivo imaging of the retina and choroid using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in guinea pigs.Methods: The study included 19 pigmented guinea pigs (age: 3–4 weeks) which underwent sonographic axial length measurements and OCT imaging. At study end, the animals were sacrificed and histomorphometric examinations of the retina and choroid were performed. We assessed the reproducibility of the OCT measurements and compared in-vivo measurements to histomorphometric data.Results: The mean thickness of the retina and choroid near the optic nerve head was 175.6 ± 25.8 and 63.4 ± 16.5 μm, respectively, and mean Bruch's membrane opening (BMO) diameter was 831 ± 121 μm. The intra-observer comparison of measurements of retinal thickness (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86–0.96; P < 0.001), choroidal thickness (ICC = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86–0.96; P < 0.001), and BMO diameter (ICC = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86–0.96; P < 0.001) showed a high correlation. A high agreement was present also for the inter-observer reproducibility of the measurements of retinal thickness (Pearson correlation coefficient (R) = 0.98; P < 0.001), choroidal thickness (R = 0.96; P < 0.001), and BMO diameter (R = 0.98; P < 0.001). The Bland-Altman plots showed that 2.6% (1/38), 5.3% (2/38), and 7.9% (3/38) of the measurement points of retinal thickness, choroidal thickness and BMO diameter, respectively, were located outside of the 95% limits of agreement. The OCT-based thickness measurements of retina and choroid were significantly higher than those measured by histomorphometry (both P-values <0.01).Conclusion: OCT-based in-vivo morphometric imaging of the retina and choroid in guinea pigs is feasible with an acceptable intra-observer repeatability and inter-observer reproducibility.
Highlights
Myopia has emerged as a common cause of vision loss as well as a major public health issue throughout the world, in East Asia [1]
The intra-observer comparison of measurements of retinal thickness (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.92, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86–0.96; P < 0.001), choroidal thickness (ICC = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86–0.96; P < 0.001), and Bruch’s membrane opening (BMO) diameter (ICC = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86–0.96; P < 0.001) showed a high correlation
The Bland-Altman plots showed that 2.6% (1/38), 5.3% (2/38), and 7.9% (3/38) of the measurement points of retinal thickness, choroidal thickness and BMO diameter, respectively, were located outside of the 95% limits of agreement
Summary
Myopia has emerged as a common cause of vision loss as well as a major public health issue throughout the world, in East Asia [1]. Previous studies have evaluated the morphometric changes of the sclera and choroid in axially elongated, myopic eyes of humans and animals [4,5,6]. These investigations revealed that the thickness of the sclera and choroid progressively decreased with axial elongation, while the thickness of the retina in the macular region was independent of axial length [7,8,9]. It would be advantageous to have the ability to measure the intraocular tissues in a non-invasive manner in-vivo by imaging techniques to monitor the morphometric changes during experimental studies addressing diseases such as myopia and glaucoma
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