Abstract
Background Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J.F. Gmel (Rosaceae) is distributed in the highlands of Ethiopia. The flowers of Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J.F. Gmel are used traditionally to treat wound. However, there was no scientific report on wound healing activity of Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J.F. Gmel. Thus, this study was initiated to investigate the wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities of 80% methanol crude extract of flowers of Hagenia abyssinica in mice. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the wound healing and anti-inflammatory activity of 80% methanol crude flower extract of Hagenia abyssinica in mice. Methods Air-dried flowers of Hagenia abyssinica were grounded and macerated three times successively by 80% methanol. The dried extract was fractionated with chloroform, ethyl acetate, and water. Phytochemical screening tests were performed according to established procedures. The crude extract and solvent fractions were formulated as ointments. Wound healing activity of the crude extract was evaluated using excision and incision wound models, and the wound healing activities of solvent fractions were evaluated by using the excision wound model. The anti-inflammatory activity of the 80% methanol extract of Hagenia abyssinica was evaluated using carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model in mice. Result The 2000 mg/kg test dose of the 10% (w/w) crude extract ointment was safe in rats. Both the 5% (w/w) and 10% (w/w) crude extract ointment-treated groups showed significant wound contraction starting from the day 4th. Both 5% (w/w) and 10% (w/w) crude extract ointments showed significant (P < 0.001) increment of tensile strength compared to the negative control. The 10% (w/w) aqueous and ethyl acetate fraction ointment revealed high (P < 0.001) percentage of wound contraction. The 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg oral administration of the crude extract had significant inhibition of the paw edema in mice of carrageenan-induced inflammation. Conclusion The results of this study evidenced that both 5% w/w and 10% w/w 80% methanol extract ointment of the flowers of Hagenia abyssinica have wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects.
Highlights
Anti-inflammatory activity of the crude extract was determined using carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice according to the standard method [32]. e mice were fasting overnight with free access to water, and the basal volume of the right hind paw of each mouse was determined before oral administration of any drug using plethysmometer [33]. en, the treatments were given as indicated in the grouping and dosing
Topical application of ointments of the 80% methanol crude extracts of H. abyssinica flowers showed a significant effect in the wound healing process compared to the negative control (NC) in mice. e progressive wound contraction induced by treatment with 5% and 10% (w/w) crude extracts ointment (CEO), NC, and nitrofurazone 0.2% ointment (NF) is shown in Table 3. e CEO facilitates wound contraction significantly at both dose levels from the 4th day to 14th day as compared to NC. e 5% (w/w) CEO-treated group showed significant (P < 0.01) effect of wound contraction on days 4th and 6th compared to the negative control
E 10% (w/w) CEO-treated group showed significant (P < 0.001) wound contraction starting from day 4th. ere was no significant wound contraction difference among groups treated by 5% (w/w) CEO, 10% (w/w) CEO, and NF but significant compared to NC
Summary
Us, this study was initiated to investigate the wound healing and antiinflammatory activities of 80% methanol crude extract of flowers of Hagenia abyssinica in mice. E objective of this study was to evaluate the wound healing and anti-inflammatory activity of 80% methanol crude flower extract of Hagenia abyssinica in mice. E anti-inflammatory activity of the 80% methanol extract of Hagenia abyssinica was evaluated using carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model in mice. E results of this study evidenced that both 5% w/w and 10% w/w 80% methanol extract ointment of the flowers of Hagenia abyssinica have wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects. Wound is defined as the cellular and anatomic disruption of structure and function of tissue It ranges from a simple break in the epithelial integrity of the skin, or it can be deeper, extending into subcutaneous tissue with damage to other structures such as tendons, muscles, vessels, nerves, parenchymal organs, and bone. Chronic wounds fail to progress through the normal stages of healing, and they cannot be repaired in an orderly and timely manner. e healing process is incomplete and disturbed by various factors, which prolong to one or more stages [4]
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